Semana 8 : Phrasal Verbs / Present Perfect continuos

PHRASAL VERBS Se llaman "phrasal verbs" a los verbos que están compuestos por más de una palabra. Siempre existe un verbo seguido de una o dos partículas. Por ejemplo: to run verbo común (correr) to run away phrasal verb (escaparse) to run out of phrasal verb (quedarse sin) Como puedes observar, al agregar las partículas cambia totalmente el significado del verbo. He aquí la dificultad de aprender a utilizar correctamente estos verbos. Existen dos tipos de phrasal verbs: separables o inseparables. En los primeros se puede separar el verbo principal de la partícula: Tom takes off his coat. Tom se saca el abrigo. Tom takes his coat off. Tom se saca el abrigo. En los verbos inseparables esto no es posible: Tom came across the keys while he was cleaning the room. Tom encontró las llaves mientras limpiaba la habitación. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOS

Meaning 1.We use present perfect continuous to talk about an action or event that started in the past and is still happening now. •I've been waiting for over an hour. (I'm still waiting now) •It's been snowing since 8am. (It's still snowing now) •You've been playing a lot of tennis recently. 2.We often use How long in questions. •How long have you been learning English? (You started learning in the past and are still learning now) 3.We use present perfect continuous to talk about an activity or event that has recently finished and has a result or consequence now. •She's tired because she's been working hard. •I have no money left because I've been shopping. 4.We use present perfect continuous to focus on the action and not on the completion of the action. •She's been writing a book. (Focus on the action) She's written a book. (Present perfect simple - focus on the result) •They've been negotiating the contract. (Focus on the action, it's not important if it's finished or not) They've negotiated the contract. (Focus on the result, the negotiation is finished) 5.When the action or event is more temporary we often use present perfect continuous, and when it is more permanent we often use present perfect simple. •They've lived in Italy for may years - Present perfect simple •I've been living here for a month - Present perfect continuous

Semana 7 : Indefinitive Pronouns

Indefinite pronouns refer to things or people without mentioning what or who they are. Singular: another, anybody, anyone, anything, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything For example:- •Somebody stole my car. •Does anybody know who she is? •Does anyone have something that could help me with anything? We use indefinite pronouns when you want to refer to people or things without saying exactly who or what they are. The pronouns ending in "-body" and "-one" refer to people, and those ending in "-thing" refer to things. I was there for over an hour before anybody came. It had to be someone with a car. Jane said nothing for a moment. When an indefinite pronoun is the subject, it always takes a singular verb, even when it refers to more than one person or thing. Everyone knows that. Everything was fine. Is anybody there? When we refer back to indefinite pronouns, we use plural pronouns or possessives, and a plural verb. Ask anyone. They 'II tell you. Has everyone eaten as much as they want? You can't tell somebody why they've failed.

Semana 6 : Infinitives

Los Infinitivos son los verbos conjugados, Hablar, escuchar,leer,escribir, no hay persona que lo ejecute,por eso es Infinitivo,en inglés, tenemos que colocar la preposición To speak (hablar ),To listen ( escucahr ),To read ( Leer ),etc. Por ejemplo: I want TO SPEAK english. She wants TO LISTEN to music. Espero que sea de gran utilidad para ustedes estimados alumnos.

Semana 5 : Past continuos

Past continuous is a verb tense also called past progressive. It is used for continuous actions in the past. STRUCTURE Subject + Was/Were + Verb + ING Examples: I was sleeping. They were dancing. Past continuous is used to show an action that was continuing in the past until another action interrupted it. The continuing action is past continuous and the interrupting action is simple past. Example: I was sleeping when you called me. (The action of sleeping was continuing over time until the telephone call interrupted the sleeping.) Here are some more examples: She was playing in the park when it started to rain. While they were talking, the pizza arrived. The car crashed when we were walking across the street. An expression of time can be used as an interruption as well. We were eating dinner at 4 o’clock. At 6 o’clock we were still studying for our test.

Semana 4 : Comparative-Superlative and Equality

Semana 4 : Comparative,Superlative and Equality Form 1.One syllable adjectives •Comparative: add er (cheaper) •Superlative: add est (the cheapest) 2.One syllable adjectives ending in 'e' •Comparative: add r (nicer) •Superlative: add st (the nicest) 3.One syllable adjectives ending in consonant - vowel - consonant •Comparative: add consonant + er (hotter) •Superlative: add consonant + est (the hottest) 4.Two syllable adjectives ending in 'y' •Comparative: replace 'y' with ier (happier) •Superlative: replace 'y' with iest (the happiest) 5.Two or more syllable adjectives •Comparative: add more / less (more / less beautiful) •Superlative: add the most / the least (the most / least beautiful) 6.Irregular adjectives •good - better - the best •bad - worse - the worst •far - further - the furthest 7.Equality and inequality •as + adjective + as •not as + adjective + as Meaning 1.We use comparative adjectives to compare two things. •John is thinner than Bob. •It's more expensive to travel by train than by bus. •My house is smaller than my friend's house. 2.We use superlative adjectives to compare one thing with the rest of the group it belongs to. •John is the tallest in the class. •He's the best football player in the team. •This is the most expensive hotel I've ever stayed in. 3.We use as + adjective + as to say that two things are equal in some way. •He's as tall as me. •Jim's car is as fast as mine. 4.We use not as + adjective + as to say that two things are not equal in some way. •Jim's car is not as fast as mine. 5.We can repeat comparatives to say that something is changing. •These exams are getting worse and worse every year. •She gets more and more beautiful every time I see her .

Semana 3 : Present Perfect

En esta semana estimados alumnos,veremos el tiempo Presente Perfecto,en la cuál ustedes ahora podran poner en práctica los verbos de la tercera columna que tienen en susnGuias didácticas, pero lo más importante que ustedes van a diferenciar que utilizamos como verbo Auxiliar : Have / Has ,no va a tener el significado de "tener",si no de :Ha,Hemos, Han ,Ha dependiendo de los Pronombres Personales,luego los verbos que le sigue de la tercera columna de los verbos van a tener un significado al final de "ado","ido","edo",etc. Siempre tiene que tener en cuenta de los verbos no confundir con tiempo pasado,si habrá algunos verbos que se mantienen siempre igual, si,son los verbos regulares ,ellos siempre se mantienen igual en las tres columnas de los verbos. Let's fun !

Semana 2 : Simple Present vs Present Continuos

Semana 2.1 : Simple Present vs Present Continuos Simple Present vs Present Continuos The Present Simple is used for: •regular actions or events He plays tennis every day •facts The sun rises in the east. •facts known about the future We leave at 9.30 next Tuesday The Present Continuous is used for: •the time of speaking ('now') Shh, I'm trying to hear what they are saying . •things which are true at the moment but not always We're looking for a new flat. •present plans for the future We're having dinner with them next week . Look at these examples : •I don't usually have cereals for breakfast but I'm having some this morning because there is nothing else. •I often cycle to work but I'm taking the car this morning because it's raining very hard. •I'm thinking about having my hair cut short but I don't think my husband will be very happy about it. •My parents live in Washington but I'm just visiting. Note how, in all these examples, we use the present continuous to talk about events which are temporary/limited in time and the present simple to talk about events which are habits/permanent.